千面英雄 第61节
11 See Mrs.Sinclair Stevenson, The Heart of Jainism(Oxford University Press,1915),pp.272-78.
12 See Maukya Upanisad,3-6.
13 Maukya Upanisad,8-12.[For Campbell's further thoughts on the sacred syllable AUM, see Myths of Light, pp.33-35.—Ed.]
14 Maukya Upanisad,7.
15 Ha idra zuta, Zohar, iii,288a.Compare p.155.
16 Ha idra rabba qadisha, xi,212-14 and 233,translation by S.L.Mac Gregor Mathers, The Kabbalah Unveiled(London:Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner&Company, Ltd.,1887),pp.134-35 and 137.
17 Summa contra Gentiles, I.i.
18 参阅本书pp.19-22的内容。
19 Johannes C.Anderson, Maori Life in Aotea(Christchurch[New Zealand],no date[1907?]),p.127.
20 See The Vedantasara of Sadananda, translated with Introduction, Sanskrit Text, and Comments, by Swami Nikhilananda(Mayavati,1931).
21 Translated from Richard Wilhelm, Chinesische M?rchen(Jena:Eugen Diederichs Verlag,1921),pp.29-31.
22 Rev.Richard Taylor, Te ika a Maui, or New Zealand and Its Inhabitants(London,1855),pp.14-15.
23 The little circle underneath the main portion of Figure 59.Compare the Chinese Taoor yinyang;see p.131.
24 Kenneth P.Emory,"The Tuamotuan Creation Charts by Paiore,"Journal of the Polynesian Society, vol.48,no.1(March 1939),pp.1-29.
25 Ibid.,p.12.
26 Chandogya Upanisad,3.19.1-3.
27 A.S.Eddington, The Nature of the Physical World, p.83.Copyright 1928 by the Macmillan Company and used with their permission.宇宙之蛋的神话形象还与现代物理学家的大爆炸理论产生了共鸣，大爆炸理论最早由一位比利时罗马天主教神父乔治·勒梅特（Georges Lemaitre）提出。
28 "Entropy always increases."（See Eddington, pp.63 ff.）这是以另一种形式表述了热力学第二定律，它最早由法国科学家萨迪·卡诺（Sadi Carnot）于1824年提出。
29 Kenneth P.Emory,"The Tahitian Account of Creation by Mare,"Journal of the Polynesian Society, vol.47,No.2（June 1938）,pp.53-54.
30 E.A.Wallis Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians(London,1904),vol.I, pp.282-92.
31 Kalika Pura￡a, I(translated in Heinrich Zimmer, The King and the Corpse, edited by Joseph Campbell, The Bollingen Series XI, Pantheon Books,1948,pp.239 ff.).
32 Brhadaranyaka Upanisad,1.4.1-5.Translated by Swami Madhavananda(Mayavati,1934).与前文关于变形逃跑的民间传说进行比较。参阅Cypria 8中，涅墨西斯“厌恶与父亲宙斯相爱”而变成鱼和其他动物逃脱的故事。
33 Muaka Upanisad,2.2.5.
34 Zohar, i,91 b.Quoted by C.G.Ginsburg, The Kabbalah:Its Doctrines, Development, and Literature(London,1920),p.116.
35 Taittir?ya Upanisad,3.10.5.
36 美洲西南部的神话非常详细地描述了这种出现的情况，阿尔及尔的卡拜尔柏柏尔人（Kabyl Berber）的创世故事也是如此。See Morris Edward Opler, Myths and Tales of the Jicarilla Apache Indians(Memoirs of the American Folklore Society, vol.XXXI,1938);and Leo Frobenius and Douglas C.Fox, African Genesis(New York,1927),pp.49-50.
37 George Grey, Polynesian Mythology and Ancient Traditional History of the New Zealand Race, as Furnished by Their Priests and Chiefs(London,1855),pp.1-3.
38 Theogony,116 ff.In the Greek version, the mother is not reluctant;she herself supplies the sickle.
39 Compare the Maori polarity of Mahora-nui-a-rangi and Maki, p.232.
40 S.N.Kramer, op.cit.,pp.40-41.
41 Prose Edda,"Gylfaginning,"IV-VIII(from the translation by Arthur Gilchrist Brodeur, The American-Scandinavian Foundation, New York,1916;by permission of the publishers).See also Poetic Edda,"Voluspa."
42 "The Epic of Creation,"Tablet IV, lines 35-143,adapted from the translation by L.W.King, Babylonian Religion and Mythology(London and New York:Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Co.Ltd.,1899),pp.72-78.
43 See Dante,"Paradiso,"XXX-XXXII.这是十字架上为人类开放的玫瑰花。
44 Book of Genesis,3:7.
45 George Bird Grinnell, Blackfoot Lodge Tales(New York:Charles Scribner's Sons,1892,1916),pp.137-38.
46 J.S.Polack, Manners and Customs of the New Zealanders(London,1840),vol.I, p.17.To regard such a tale as a cosmogonic myth would be as inept as to illustrate the doctrine of the Trinity with a paragraph from the nursery story"Marienkind"(Grimm's Fairy Tales, No.3).
47 Harva, op.cit.,p.109,citing S.Kra?eninnikov, Opisanie Zemli Kamcatki(St.Petersburg,1819),vol.II, p.101.
48 Harva, op.cit.,p.109,citing Potanin, op.cit.,vol.II, p.153.
49 P.J.Meier, Mythen und Erz?hlungen der Küstenbewohner der Gazelle Halbinsel(Neu Pommern)(Anthropos Bibliothek, Band I, Heft 1,Münster i.W.,1909),pp.15-16.
50 Ibid.,pp.59-61.
51 "The universe does not on the whole act as though it were under efficient personal supervision and control.When I hear some hymns, sermons, and prayers taking for granted or asserting with na?ve simplicity that this vast, ruthless cosmos, with all the monstrous accidents which it involves, is a neatly planned and personally conducted tour, I recall the more reasonable hypothesis of an East African tribe.'They say,'reports an observer,'that although God is good and wishes good for everybody, unfortunately he has a half-witted brother who is always interfering with what he does.'That, at least, bears some resemblance to the facts.God's half-witted brother might explain some of life's sickening and insane tragedies which the idea of an omnipotent individual of boundless good will toward every soul most certainly does not explain"(Harry Emerson Fosdick, As I See Religion, New York:Harper and Brothers,1932,pp.53-54).
52 Harva, op.cit.,pp.114-15,quoting W.Radloff, Proben der Volksliteratur der türkischen St?mme SüdSiberians(St.Petersburg,1866-70),vol.I, p.285.
06 童贞女得子
1 The version quoted here is from the translation by W.F.Kirby(Everyman's Library, Nos.259-60).
2 Kalevala, Runo I, pp.127-36.
12 See Maukya Upanisad,3-6.
13 Maukya Upanisad,8-12.[For Campbell's further thoughts on the sacred syllable AUM, see Myths of Light, pp.33-35.—Ed.]
14 Maukya Upanisad,7.
15 Ha idra zuta, Zohar, iii,288a.Compare p.155.
16 Ha idra rabba qadisha, xi,212-14 and 233,translation by S.L.Mac Gregor Mathers, The Kabbalah Unveiled(London:Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner&Company, Ltd.,1887),pp.134-35 and 137.
17 Summa contra Gentiles, I.i.
18 参阅本书pp.19-22的内容。
19 Johannes C.Anderson, Maori Life in Aotea(Christchurch[New Zealand],no date[1907?]),p.127.
20 See The Vedantasara of Sadananda, translated with Introduction, Sanskrit Text, and Comments, by Swami Nikhilananda(Mayavati,1931).
21 Translated from Richard Wilhelm, Chinesische M?rchen(Jena:Eugen Diederichs Verlag,1921),pp.29-31.
22 Rev.Richard Taylor, Te ika a Maui, or New Zealand and Its Inhabitants(London,1855),pp.14-15.
23 The little circle underneath the main portion of Figure 59.Compare the Chinese Taoor yinyang;see p.131.
24 Kenneth P.Emory,"The Tuamotuan Creation Charts by Paiore,"Journal of the Polynesian Society, vol.48,no.1(March 1939),pp.1-29.
25 Ibid.,p.12.
26 Chandogya Upanisad,3.19.1-3.
27 A.S.Eddington, The Nature of the Physical World, p.83.Copyright 1928 by the Macmillan Company and used with their permission.宇宙之蛋的神话形象还与现代物理学家的大爆炸理论产生了共鸣，大爆炸理论最早由一位比利时罗马天主教神父乔治·勒梅特（Georges Lemaitre）提出。
28 "Entropy always increases."（See Eddington, pp.63 ff.）这是以另一种形式表述了热力学第二定律，它最早由法国科学家萨迪·卡诺（Sadi Carnot）于1824年提出。
29 Kenneth P.Emory,"The Tahitian Account of Creation by Mare,"Journal of the Polynesian Society, vol.47,No.2（June 1938）,pp.53-54.
30 E.A.Wallis Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians(London,1904),vol.I, pp.282-92.
31 Kalika Pura￡a, I(translated in Heinrich Zimmer, The King and the Corpse, edited by Joseph Campbell, The Bollingen Series XI, Pantheon Books,1948,pp.239 ff.).
32 Brhadaranyaka Upanisad,1.4.1-5.Translated by Swami Madhavananda(Mayavati,1934).与前文关于变形逃跑的民间传说进行比较。参阅Cypria 8中，涅墨西斯“厌恶与父亲宙斯相爱”而变成鱼和其他动物逃脱的故事。
33 Muaka Upanisad,2.2.5.
34 Zohar, i,91 b.Quoted by C.G.Ginsburg, The Kabbalah:Its Doctrines, Development, and Literature(London,1920),p.116.
35 Taittir?ya Upanisad,3.10.5.
36 美洲西南部的神话非常详细地描述了这种出现的情况，阿尔及尔的卡拜尔柏柏尔人（Kabyl Berber）的创世故事也是如此。See Morris Edward Opler, Myths and Tales of the Jicarilla Apache Indians(Memoirs of the American Folklore Society, vol.XXXI,1938);and Leo Frobenius and Douglas C.Fox, African Genesis(New York,1927),pp.49-50.
37 George Grey, Polynesian Mythology and Ancient Traditional History of the New Zealand Race, as Furnished by Their Priests and Chiefs(London,1855),pp.1-3.
38 Theogony,116 ff.In the Greek version, the mother is not reluctant;she herself supplies the sickle.
39 Compare the Maori polarity of Mahora-nui-a-rangi and Maki, p.232.
40 S.N.Kramer, op.cit.,pp.40-41.
41 Prose Edda,"Gylfaginning,"IV-VIII(from the translation by Arthur Gilchrist Brodeur, The American-Scandinavian Foundation, New York,1916;by permission of the publishers).See also Poetic Edda,"Voluspa."
42 "The Epic of Creation,"Tablet IV, lines 35-143,adapted from the translation by L.W.King, Babylonian Religion and Mythology(London and New York:Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Co.Ltd.,1899),pp.72-78.
43 See Dante,"Paradiso,"XXX-XXXII.这是十字架上为人类开放的玫瑰花。
44 Book of Genesis,3:7.
45 George Bird Grinnell, Blackfoot Lodge Tales(New York:Charles Scribner's Sons,1892,1916),pp.137-38.
46 J.S.Polack, Manners and Customs of the New Zealanders(London,1840),vol.I, p.17.To regard such a tale as a cosmogonic myth would be as inept as to illustrate the doctrine of the Trinity with a paragraph from the nursery story"Marienkind"(Grimm's Fairy Tales, No.3).
47 Harva, op.cit.,p.109,citing S.Kra?eninnikov, Opisanie Zemli Kamcatki(St.Petersburg,1819),vol.II, p.101.
48 Harva, op.cit.,p.109,citing Potanin, op.cit.,vol.II, p.153.
49 P.J.Meier, Mythen und Erz?hlungen der Küstenbewohner der Gazelle Halbinsel(Neu Pommern)(Anthropos Bibliothek, Band I, Heft 1,Münster i.W.,1909),pp.15-16.
50 Ibid.,pp.59-61.
51 "The universe does not on the whole act as though it were under efficient personal supervision and control.When I hear some hymns, sermons, and prayers taking for granted or asserting with na?ve simplicity that this vast, ruthless cosmos, with all the monstrous accidents which it involves, is a neatly planned and personally conducted tour, I recall the more reasonable hypothesis of an East African tribe.'They say,'reports an observer,'that although God is good and wishes good for everybody, unfortunately he has a half-witted brother who is always interfering with what he does.'That, at least, bears some resemblance to the facts.God's half-witted brother might explain some of life's sickening and insane tragedies which the idea of an omnipotent individual of boundless good will toward every soul most certainly does not explain"(Harry Emerson Fosdick, As I See Religion, New York:Harper and Brothers,1932,pp.53-54).
52 Harva, op.cit.,pp.114-15,quoting W.Radloff, Proben der Volksliteratur der türkischen St?mme SüdSiberians(St.Petersburg,1866-70),vol.I, p.285.
06 童贞女得子
1 The version quoted here is from the translation by W.F.Kirby(Everyman's Library, Nos.259-60).
2 Kalevala, Runo I, pp.127-36.
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